From start to finish: amino-terminal protein modifications as degradation signals in plantsTools Gibbs, Daniel J., Bailey, Mark, Tedds, Hannah M. and Holdsworth, Michael J. (2016) From start to finish: amino-terminal protein modifications as degradation signals in plants. New Phytologist, 211 (4). pp. 1188-1194. ISSN 1469-8137 Full text not available from this repository.AbstractThe amino- (N-) terminus (Nt) of a protein can undergo a diverse array of co- and posttranslational modifications. Many of these create degradation signals (N-degrons) that mediate protein destruction via the N-end rule pathway of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. In plants, the N-end rule pathway has emerged as a major system for regulated control of protein stability. Nt-arginylation-dependent degradation regulates multiple growth, development and stress responses, and recently identified functions of Nt-acetylation can also be linked to effects on the in vivo half-lives of Nt-acetylated proteins. There is also increasing evidence that N-termini could act as important protein stability determinants in plastids. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between the nature of protein N-termini, Nt-processing events and proteolysis in plants.
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