Xiong, Hao
(2013)
Antenna array geometries and algorithms for direction of arrival estimation.
MRes thesis, University of Nottingham.
Abstract
Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation with the antenna array was a forever topic of scientist. In this dissertation, a detailed comparison of the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms, including three classic algorithms as MUSIC, Root-MUSIC and ESPRIT, was performed and an analysis of various array geometries’ (configurations) properties in DOA estimation was demonstrated. Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) was used for theoretic analysis and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), which determined the best performance for a given geometry, regardless the specific estimation algorithm used, was implemented in simulation comparison.
In the first part, MUSIC, Root-MUSIC and ESPRIT were illustrated, where theoretic underlying of the algorithms were expressed by revisited, paseudo code algorithms, and compared in the aspects of accuracy and computational efficiency. Consequently, ESPRIT was found more efficient than the other two algorithms in computation. However, the accuracy of MUSIC was better than ESPRIT.
In the second part, four particular array geometries, including Uniform Circular Array (UCA), L Shaped Array (LSA), Double L Shaped Array (DLSA) and Double Uniform Circular Array (DUCA), were analyzed in the area of directivity, accuracy and resolving ability. A simulation comparison of DOA estimation with these four array geometries by MUSIC algorithm in two dimensions was made then, since MUSIC had the best accuracy in these three algorithms. According to the analysis and comparison, it was found that L Shaped Array (LSA) and Double L Shaped Array (DLSA) were more accurate than others, considering both azimuth and elevation estimation. Also, in the case of two dimensional DOA estimation, the Double L Shaped Array (DLSA) was shown a theoretically relative isotropy to other array geometries. From the simulation, the detection ability of Double L Shaped Array (DLSA) was proved the best in the array geometries discussed in this dissertation.
These findings had significant implications for the further study of the array geometry in DOA estimation.
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