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Markram, Henry and Muller, Eilif and Ramaswamy, Srikanth and Reimann, Michael W. and Abdellah, Marwan and Sanchez, Carlos Aguado and Ailamaki, Anastasia and Alonso-Nanclares, Lidia and Antille, Nicolas and Arsever, Selim and Kahou, Guy Antoine Atenekeng and Berger, Thomas K. and Bilgili, Ahmet and Buncic, Nenad and Chalimourda, Athanassia and Chindemi, Giuseppe and Courcol, Jean-Denis and Delalondre, Fabien and Delattre, Vincent and Druckmann, Shaul and Dumusc, Raphael and Dynes, James and Eilemann, Stefan and Gal, Eyal and Gevaert, Michael Emiel and Ghobril, Jean-Pierre and Gidon, Albert and Graham, Joe W. and Gupta, Anirudh and Haenel, Valentin and Hay, Etay and Heinis, Thomas and Hernando, Juan B. and Hines, Michael and Kanari, Lida and Keller, Daniel and Kenyon, John and Khazen, Georges and Kim, Yihwa and King, James G. and Kisvarday, Zoltan and Kumbhar, Pramod and Lasserre, Sébastien and Le Bé, Jean-Vincent and Magalhães, Bruno R.C. and Merchán-Pérez, Angel and Meystre, Julie and Morrice, Benjamin Roy and Muller, Jeffrey and Muñoz-Céspedes, Alberto and Muralidhar, Shruti and Muthurasa, Keerthan and Nachbaur, Daniel and Newton, Taylor H. and Nolte, Max and Ovcharenko, Aleksandr and Palacios, Juan and Pastor, Luis and Perin, Rodrigo and Ranjan, Rajnish and Riachi, Imad and Rodríguez, José-Rodrigo and Riquelme, Juan Luis and Rössert, Christian and Sfyrakis, Konstantinos and Shi, Ying and Shillcock, Julian C. and Silberberg, Gilad and Silva, Ricardo and Tauheed, Farhan and Telefont, Martin and Toledo-Rodriguez, Maria and Tränkler, Thomas and Van Geit, Werner and Díaz, Jafet Villafranca and Walker, Richard and Wang, Yun and Zaninetta, Stefano M. and DeFelipe, Javier and Hill, Sean L. and Segev, Idan and Schürmann, Felix (2015) Reconstruction and simulation of neocortical microcircuitry. Cell, 163 (2). pp. 456-492. ISSN 0092-8674

Abstract

We present a first-draft digital reconstruction of the microcircuitry of somatosensory cortex of juvenile rat. The reconstruction uses cellular and synaptic organizing principles to algorithmically reconstruct detailed anatomy and physiology from sparse experimental data. An objective anatomical method defines a neocortical volume of 0.29 ± 0.01 mm3 containing ∼31,000 neurons, and patch-clamp studies identify 55 layer-specific morphological and 207 morpho-electrical neuron subtypes. When digitally reconstructed neurons are positioned in the volume and synapse formation is restricted to biological bouton densities and numbers of synapses per connection, their overlapping arbors form ∼8 million connections with ∼37 million synapses. Simulations reproduce an array of in vitro and in vivo experiments without parameter tuning. Additionally, we find a spectrum of network states with a sharp transition from synchronous to asynchronous activity, modulated by physiological mechanisms. The spectrum of network states, dynamically reconfigured around this transition, supports diverse information processing strategies.

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