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Zingone, Fabiana and West, Joe and Auricchio, Renata and Maria Bevilacqua, Rosa and Bile, Guido and Borgheresi, Patrizia and Erminia Bottiglieri, Maria and Caldore, Mariano and Capece, Giuseppe and Cristina Caria, Maria and Crudele, Antonio and Cuomo, Rosario and Lucia Garofano, Maria and Giardullo, Nicola and Gerarda Gravina, Antonietta and Greco, Luigi and Iannotta, Patrizia and Kosova, Paolo and Lamanda, Roberto and Malamisura, Basilio and Marmo, Riccardo and Napoli, Gianfranco and Nardone, Gerardo and Pacelli, Maria and Pascarella, Filomena and Riccio, Elisabetta and Riegler, Gabriele and Rispo, Antonio and Rocco, Alba and Romano, Marco and Saffiotti, Ottavio and Saviano, Paola and Sorrentini, Italo and Speranza,, Pietro and Tolone, Carlo and Tortora, Raffaella and Troncone, Riccardo and Ciacci, Carolina (2015) Incidence and distribution of coeliac disease in Campania (Italy): 2011–2013. United European Gastroenterology Journal, 3 (2). pp. 182-189. ISSN 2050-6414

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There exists a wide variation in the reported incidence of coeliac disease in recent decades. We aimed to evaluate the incidence rate of coeliac diagnoses performed in an Italian region, Campania, between 2011 and 2013 and its variation therein.

METHODS: All coeliac diagnoses made from 2011 to 2013 and registered within the Campania coeliac disease register (CeliacDB) were identified. Incidence rates were analysed by sex, age and province of residence, with a Poisson model fitted to determine incidence rate ratios.

RESULTS: We found 2049 coeliac disease diagnoses registered in the CeliacDB between 2011 and 2013; 1441 of these patients were female (70.4%) and 1059 were aged less than 19 years (51.7%). The overall incidence of coeliac disease in Campania was 11.8 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 11.3–12.3) during the study period, with marked variation by age [27.4 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 25.8–29.1) in children under 19 years of age and 7.3 per 100,000 (95% CI 6.8–7.8) in adults] and sex [16.1 per 100,000 person-years in females (95% CI 15.3–16.9) and 7.2 per 100,000 person-years in males (95% CI 6.6–7.8)]. Coeliac disease incidence was roughly similar in Naples, Salerno, Caserta and Avellino, but about half in Benevento. More than 80% of our study population was diagnosed by the combination of positive antitransglutaminase IgA and Marsh 3. More than half of the patients were symptomatic at the time of coeliac disease diagnosis (39.7% had a classical presentation and 21.1% a non-classical one according to the Oslo definition).

CONCLUSIONS: Coeliac disease incidence was roughly similar among Campania provinces, except in Benevento where it was about half, probably due to less awareness of coeliac disease in this area. The incidence of coeliac disease in Campania appears to be lower than that reported by most of the previous literature, suggesting the necessity of new coeliac awareness programmes.

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