Strongly interacting low-dimensional Rydberg lattice gases in and out of equilibrium

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Ji, Siyuan (2015) Strongly interacting low-dimensional Rydberg lattice gases in and out of equilibrium. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham.

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Abstract

Recent achievements in ultra-cold experiments have made quantum simulation of interacting many-body systems possible in a well controllable environment. Of many candidates as quantum simulators, Rydberg atoms have been extensively utilised due to its exaggerated and fascinating atomic properties. Example includes high susceptibility to electric fields and relatively long life time in comparison to atoms in low-lying states. The tunable interaction between Rydberg atoms have made them even more versatile in simulating quantum many-body systems, e.g. interacting spin-1/2 particles. We will start the thesis by reviewing these properties of Rydberg atoms and explain how they lead to the Rydberg lattice gases that of interest.

Following the review of the essential knowledge of Rydberg atoms, we first study the ground states of interacting Rydberg lattice gases in both one-dimension and two-dimensions. The many-body system we are interested in is initially prepared in a Mott-insulator state, with each lattice site containing one atom that is laser coupled to its highly excited Rydberg state. The extremely huge van der Waals interactions between Rydberg atoms at close distance leads to an interesting Rydberg blockade effect. As we shall show, these strong interactions lead to rich phases and critical behaviours in the ground states of the many-body Hamiltonians that describes the systems. The aim of the first three chapters is to analyse these ground states in detail.

Having investigated the static properties, we then move on to study the dynamical behaviour of a class of generic spin models which can in principal be realised by Rydberg lattice gases with tunable blockade radius. By deriving an effective master equation, and comparing it to the exact calculation, we will demonstrate how different pure initial states eventually evolve to the same equilibrium state and analysed in detail the time evolution and the steady state.

Item Type: Thesis (University of Nottingham only) (PhD)
Supervisors: Lesanovsky, I.
Garrahan, J.
Subjects: Q Science > QC Physics > QC170 Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matter
Faculties/Schools: UK Campuses > Faculty of Science > School of Physics and Astronomy
Item ID: 29339
Depositing User: Ji, Siyuan
Date Deposited: 17 Aug 2016 09:50
Last Modified: 14 Oct 2017 16:09
URI: https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/id/eprint/29339

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