Machining-induced thermal damage in cortical bone: necrosis and micro-mechanical integrity

Robles-Linares, Jose A., Axinte, Dragos, Liao, Zhirong and Gameros, Andres (2021) Machining-induced thermal damage in cortical bone: necrosis and micro-mechanical integrity. Materials & Design, 197 . p. 109215. ISSN 0264-1275

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Abstract

In bone cutting, the tissue is exposed to necrosis due to temperature elevation, which can significantly influence postoperative results in orthopaedic surgeries. This damage is usually revealed through histological analysis to show the necrotic extent; however, this technique does not capture mechanical damage, which is essential for a full material integrity assessment. Here, with micro-mechanics, it is demonstrated that machining-induced damage in bone extends beyond the necrotic region. Drilling with different conditions was performed on ex-vivo bovine cortical bone, inducing different damage degrees. Micro-pillar compression tests were performed in the machined sub-surface to identify changes in properties and failure modes caused by drilling. It was revealed that at high cutting temperatures, the bone near the machined surface suffers from lower modulus (−42%), strength (−41%) and brittle behaviour, whereas the bulk bone remains undamaged with pristine properties and ductile behaviour. Histology was also performed to evaluate necrosis and, surprisingly, it was found that the brittle and weaker bone layer is more than three times larger when compared to the necrotic layer, clearly showing that the drilling thermo-mechanical effect could affect not only biologically, but also micro-mechanically. Consequently, these results reveal another kind of bone damage that has so far been neglected.

Item Type: Article
Keywords: Micro-mechanics; Micro-pillar compression; Bone failure mechanism; Histology; Necrosis; Bone cutting
Schools/Departments: University of Nottingham Ningbo China > Faculty of Science and Engineering > Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2020.109215
Depositing User: Wu, Cocoa
Date Deposited: 03 Dec 2020 06:11
Last Modified: 03 Dec 2020 06:11
URI: https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/id/eprint/63895

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