Many analysts, one dataset: making transparent how variations in analytical choices affect results

Silberzahn, R., Uhlmann, E.L., Martin, D.P., Anselmi, P., Aust, F., Awtrey, E., Bahník, Š., Bai, F., Bannard, C., Bonnier, E., Carlsson, R., Cheung, F., Christensen, G., Clay, R., Craig, M.A., Dalla Rosa, A., Dam, L., Evans, M.H., Flores Cervantes, I., Fong, N., Gamez-Djokic, M., Glenz, A., Gordon-McKeon, S., Heaton, T.J., Hederos, K., Heene, M., Hofelich Mohr, A.J., Högden, F., Hui, K., Johannesson, M., Kalodimos, J., Kaszubowski, E., Kennedy, D.M., Lei, R., Lindsay, T.A., Liverani, S., Madan, C.R., Molden, D., Molleman, E., Morey, R.D., Mulder, L.B., Nijstad, B.R., Pope, N.G., Pope, B., Prenoveau, J.M., Rink, F., Robusto, E., Roderique, H., Sandberg, A., Schlüter, E., Schönbrodt, F.D., Sherman, M.F., Sommer, S.A., Sotak, K., Spain, S., Spörlein, C., Stafford, T., Stefanutti, L., Tauber, S., Ullrich, J., Vianello, M., Wagenmakers, E.-J., Witkowiak, M., Yoon, S. and Nosek, B.A. (2018) Many analysts, one dataset: making transparent how variations in analytical choices affect results. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science . ISSN 2515-2459

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Abstract

Twenty-nine teams involving 61 analysts used the same dataset to address the same research question: whether soccer referees are more likely to give red cards to dark skin toned players than light skin toned players. Analytic approaches varied widely across teams, and estimated effect sizes ranged from 0.89 to 2.93 in odds ratio units, with a median of 1.31. Twenty teams (69%) found a statistically significant positive effect and nine teams (31%) observed a nonsignificant relationship. Overall 29 different analyses used 21 unique combinations of covariates. We found that neither analysts' prior beliefs about the effect, nor their level of expertise, nor peer-reviewed quality of analysis readily explained variation in analysis outcomes. This suggests that significant variation in the results of analyses of complex data may be difficult to avoid, even by experts with honest intentions. Crowdsourcing data analysis, a strategy by which numerous research teams are recruited to simultaneously investigate the same research question, makes transparent how defensible, yet subjective analytic choices influence research results.

Item Type: Article
RIS ID: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/884400
Keywords: Crowdsourcing science; Data analysis; Scientific transparency; Open data; Open materials
Schools/Departments: University of Nottingham, UK > Faculty of Science > School of Psychology
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245917747646
Depositing User: Eprints, Support
Date Deposited: 15 Nov 2017 14:53
Last Modified: 04 May 2020 19:08
URI: https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/id/eprint/48166

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