Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry identification of apple polyphenol metabolites in human urine and plasmaTools Gallant, Vicki Ann (2010) Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry identification of apple polyphenol metabolites in human urine and plasma. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham.
AbstractApples are a major dietary source of polyphenols in the Western diet and contain procyanidins, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols, dihydrochalcones and flavonols. Despite their abundance and familiarity very little research into their metabolism has been performed; research is required to elucidate the metabolic products of these polyphenols and characterise their absorption and excretion pathways. A human intervention study was designed specifically to investigate the absorption, metabolism, excretion and biokinetcs of apple polyphenols. Male volunteers (n = 9) consumed a supermarket apple juice substituted with water as the control phase, and the same apple juice substituted with a high polyphenol cider apple extract as the test phase. Blood samples were taken over 0-24 h and urine samples were collected at 0-4 h, 4-8 h and 8-24 h. A rapid, validated and novel single LC/ES/IMS/MS method was developed and validated for the analysis of a wide range of polyphenols and their metabolites in these urine and plasma samples (after sample preparation). Apple polyphenolrelated metabolites were identified using LC/MS/MS and MS2; nine urinary metabolites and seven plasma metabolites were identified, mostly for the first time after apple consumption.
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