The effect of memantine and the ladybird alkaloid, harmonine, on NMDA receptor function and Alzheimer’s diseaseTools Kaur, Kiran (2022) The effect of memantine and the ladybird alkaloid, harmonine, on NMDA receptor function and Alzheimer’s disease. MRes thesis, University of Nottingham.
AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common late onset form of dementia. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are excitatory glutamate receptors and are primary therapeutic targets due to their glutamate and glycine recognition sites. Excessive glutamate neurotransmission can ultimately result in neuronal cell death, potentially leading to AD pathological conditions. Current treatments of AD include N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists such as memantine and acetylcholine receptor inhibitors. In the first part of this study, clinical trials of memantine were examined to assess whether memantine had a positive or negative effect on the pathological symptoms of AD human patients. The results suggested that memantine has a positive effect on the following outcome measures: molecular biomarkers and imaging; cognition and behaviour; functional and linguistic communication. The most common dose used was 20 mg of memantine per day. The highest dose of 28 mg was found to have a more significant positive effect on AD patient symptoms compared to lower doses of 10-20 mg. From this, it was concluded that memantine has a therapeutic effect on AD patient symptoms.
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