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Hu, Di, Dolganov, Aleksei, Ma, Mingchan, Bhattacharya, Biyash, Bishop, Matthew T. and Chen, George Z. (2018) Development of the Fray-Farthing-Chen Cambridge Process: towards the sustainable production of titanium and its alloys. JOM: the Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 70 (2). pp. 129-137. ISSN 1543-1851

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Abstract

The Kroll process has been employed for titanium extraction since the 1950s. It is a labour and energy intensive multi-step semi-batch process. The post-extraction processes for making the raw titanium into alloys and products are also excessive, including multiple remelting steps. Invented in the late 1990s, the Fray-Farthing-Chen (FFC) Cambridge process extracts titanium from solid oxides at lower energy consumption via electrochemical reduction in molten salts. Its ability to produce alloys and powders, while retaining the cathode shape also promises energy and material efficient manufacturing. Focusing on titanium and its alloys, this article reviews the recent development of the FFC-Cambridge process in two aspects, (i) resource and process sustainability and (ii) advanced post-extraction processing.

Item Type:	Article
Schools/Departments:	University of Nottingham Ningbo China > Faculty of Science and Engineering > Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham, UK > Faculty of Engineering > Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-017-2664-4
Depositing User:	Eprints, Support
Date Deposited:	10 Nov 2017 08:57
Last Modified:	08 May 2020 09:45
URI:	https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/id/eprint/48035

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