A versatile electrolyte system for electrodeposition of p-block elements from single ohase supercritical CH2F2Tools Bartlett, Philip N., Burt, Jennifer, Cook, David A., Cummings, Charles Y., George, Michael W., Hector, Andrew L., Hasan, Mahboba M., Ke, Jie, Levason, William, Pugh, David, Reid, Gillian, Richardson, Peter W., Smith, David C., Spencer, Joe and Zhang, Wenjian (2016) A versatile electrolyte system for electrodeposition of p-block elements from single ohase supercritical CH2F2. Chemistry - a European Journal, 22 (1). pp. 302-309. ISSN 1521-3765 Full text not available from this repository.AbstractFor the first time, a versatile electrolyte bath is described that can be used to electrodeposit a wide range of p-block elements from supercritical difluoromethane (scCH2F2). The bath comprises the tetrabutylammonium chlorometallate complex of the element in an electrolyte of 50×10−3 mol dm−3 tetrabutylammonium chloride at 17.2 MPa and 358 K. Through the use of anionic ([GaCl4]−, [InCl4]−, [GeCl3]−, [SnCl3]−, [SbCl4]−, and [BiCl4]−) and dianionic ([SeCl6]2− and [TeCl6]2−) chlorometallate salts, the deposition of elemental Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi, Se, and Te is demonstrated. In all cases, with the exception of gallium, which is a liquid under the deposition conditions, the resulting deposits are characterised by SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, XRD and Raman spectroscopy. An advantage of this electrolyte system is that the reagents are all crystalline solids, reasonably easy to handle and not highly water or oxygen sensitive. The results presented herein significantly broaden the range of materials accessible by electrodeposition from supercritical fluid and open up the future possibility of utilising the full scope of these unique fluids to electrodeposit functional binary or ternary alloys and compounds of these elements.
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