Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes

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Nouwen, Arie, Chambers, Alison L., Chechlacz, Magdalena, Higgs, Suzanne, Blissett, Jacqueline, Barrett, Timothy and Allen, Harriet A. (2017) Microstructural abnormalities in white and gray matter in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes. NeuroImage: Clinical, 16 . pp. 43-51. ISSN 2213-1582

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Abstract

Aims/hypotheses. In adults, type 2 diabetes and obesity have been associated with structural brain changes, even in the absence of dementia. Some evidence suggested similar changes in adolescents with type 2 diabetes but comparisons with a non-obese control group have been lacking. The aim of the current study was to examine differences in microstructure of gray and white matter between adolescents with type 2 diabetes, obese adolescents and healthy weight adolescents.

Methods. Magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 15 adolescents with type 2 diabetes, 21 obese adolescents and 22 healthy weight controls. Volumetric differences in the gray matter between the three groups were examined using voxel based morphology, while tract based spatial statistics was used to examine differences in the microstructure of the white matter.

Results. Adolescents with type 2 diabetes and obese adolescents had reduced gray matter volume in the right hippocampus, left putamen and caudate, bilateral amygdala and left thalamus compared to healthy weight controls. Type 2 diabetes was also associated with significant regional changes in fractional anisotropy within the corpus callosum, fornix, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, left uncinate, left internal and external capsule. Fractional anisotropy reductions within these tracts were explained by increased radial diffusivity, which may suggest demyelination of white matter tracts. Mean diffusivity and axial diffusivity did not differ between the groups.

Item Type: Article
RIS ID: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/871255
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, White matter, Gray matter, Demyelination
Schools/Departments: University of Nottingham, UK > Faculty of Science > School of Psychology
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.07.004
Depositing User: Eprints, Support
Date Deposited: 06 Jul 2017 08:59
Last Modified: 04 May 2020 18:54
URI: https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/id/eprint/44012

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