Adverse events after first, single, mesh and non-mesh surgical procedures for stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in Scotland, 1997–2016: a population-based cohort study

Morling, Joanne R., McAllister, David A., Agur, Wael, Fischbacher, Colin M., Glazener, Cathryn M.A., Guerrero, Karen, Hopkins, Leanne and Wood, Rachael (2017) Adverse events after first, single, mesh and non-mesh surgical procedures for stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in Scotland, 1997–2016: a population-based cohort study. The Lancet, 389 (10069). pp. 629-640. ISSN 1474-547X

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Abstract

Background

Concerns have been raised about the safety of surgery for stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse using transvaginal mesh. We assessed adverse outcomes after first, single mesh procedures and comparable non-mesh procedures.

Methods

We did a cohort study of women in Scotland aged 20 years or older undergoing a first, single incontinence procedure or prolapse procedure during 1997–98 to 2015–16 identified from a national hospital admission database. Primary outcomes were immediate postoperative complications and subsequent (within 5 years) readmissions for later postoperative complications, further incontinence surgery, or further prolapse surgery. Poisson regression models were used to compare outcomes after procedures carried out with and without mesh.

Findings

Between April 1, 1997, and March 31, 2016, 16 660 women underwent a first, single incontinence procedure, 13 133 (79%) of which used mesh. Compared with non-mesh open surgery (colposuspension), mesh procedures had a lower risk of immediate complications (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 0·44 [95% CI 0·36–0·55]) and subsequent prolapse surgery (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR] 0·30 [0·24–0·39]), and a similar risk of further incontinence surgery (0·90 [0·73–1·11]) and later complications (1·12 [0·98–1·27]); all ratios are for retropubic mesh. During the same time period, 18 986 women underwent a first, single prolapse procedure, 1279 (7%) of which used mesh. Compared with non-mesh repair, mesh repair of anterior compartment prolapse was associated with a similar risk of immediate complications (aRR 0·93 [95% CI 0·49–1·79]); an increased risk of further incontinence (aIRR 3·20 [2·06–4·96]) and prolapse surgery (1·69 [1·29–2·20]); and a substantially increased risk of later complications (3·15 [2·46–4·04]). Compared with non-mesh repair, mesh repair of posterior compartment prolapse was associated with a similarly increased risk of repeat prolapse surgery and later complications. No difference in any outcome was observed between vaginal and, separately, abdominal mesh repair of vaginal vault prolapse compared with vaginal non-mesh repair.

Interpretation

Our results support the use of mesh procedures for incontinence, although further research on longer term outcomes would be beneficial. Mesh procedures for anterior and posterior compartment prolapse cannot be recommended for primary prolapse repair. Both vaginal and abdominal mesh procedures for vaginal vault prolapse repair are associated with similar effectiveness and complication rates to non-mesh vaginal repair. These results therefore do not clearly favour any particular vault repair procedure.

Item Type: Article
RIS ID: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/846353
Additional Information: © 2016 Elsevier Limited
Schools/Departments: University of Nottingham, UK > Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > School of Medicine > Division of Epidemiology and Public Health
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32572-7
Depositing User: Eprints, Support
Date Deposited: 21 Dec 2016 11:42
Last Modified: 04 May 2020 18:35
URI: https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/id/eprint/39488

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