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Bombarely, Aureliano and Moser, Michel and Amrad, Avichai and Bao, Manzhu and Bapaume, Laure and Barry, Cornelius S. and Bliek, Mattijs and Boersma, Maaike R. and Borghi, Lorenzo and Bruggmann, Rémy and Bucher, Marcel and D'Agostino, Nunzio and Davies, Kevin and Druege, Uwe and Dudareva, Natalia and Egea-Cortines, Marcos and Delledonne, Massimo and Fernandez-Pozo, Noe and Franken, Philipp and Grandont, Laurie and Heslop-Harrison, J. S. and Hintzsche, Jennifer and Johns, Mitrick and Koes, Ronald and Lv, Xiaodan and Lyons, Eric and Malla, Diwa and Martinoia, Enrico and Mattson, Neil S. and Morel, Patrice and Mueller, Lukas A. and Muhlemann, Joëlle and Nouri, Eva and Passeri, Valentina and Pezzotti, Mario and Qi, Qinzhou and Reinhardt, Didier and Rich, Melanie and Richert-Pöggeler, Katja R. and Robbins, Tim P. and Schatz, Michael C. and Schranz, M. Eric and Schuurink, Robert C. and Schwarzacher, Trude and Spelt, Kees and Tang, Haibao and Urbanus, Susan L. and Vandenbussche, Michiel and Vijverberg, Kitty and Villarino, Gonzalo H. and Warner, Ryan M. and Weiss, Julia and Yue, Zhen and Zethof, Jan and Quattrocchio, Francesca and Sims, Thomas L. and Kuhlemeier, Cris (2016) Insight into the evolution of the Solanaceae from the parental genomes of Petunia hybrida. Nature Plants, 2 . 16074/1-16074/9. ISSN 2055-0278

Abstract

Petunia hybrida is a popular bedding plant that has a long history as a genetic model system. We report the whole-genome sequencing and assembly of inbred derivatives of its two wild parents, P. axillaris N and P. inflata S6. The current assemblies include 91.3% and 90.2% coverage of their diploid genomes (1.4 Gb; 2n=14) containing 32,928 and 36,697 protein-coding genes, respectively. The Petunia lineage has experienced at least two rounds of paleohexaploidization, the older gamma hexaploidy event, which is shared with other Eudicots, and the more recent Solanaceae paleohexaploidy event that is shared with tomato and other Solanaceae species. Transcription factors that were targets of selection during the shift from bee- to moth pollination reside in particularly dynamic regions of the genome, which may have been key to the remarkable diversity of floral color patterns and pollination systems. The high quality genome sequences will enhance the value of Petunia as a model system for basic and applied research on a variety of unique biological phenomena.

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